In the context of swords, the “guard” is the section of the hilt situated between the blade and the grip, designed to protect the wielder’s hand from an opponent’s weapon. Often referred to as the crossguard or quillons (when shaped like extended arms), the guard’s primary function is defensive—its projection helps block strikes that might otherwise slide down the blade and injure the hand or wrist.
Historically, the guard evolved as sword combat shifted from simple hacking and slashing to more sophisticated fencing techniques. Early swords, such as Bronze Age or Viking-era blades, typically featured minimal guards. Over time, as dueling and one-on-one combat grew more refined, guards became more elaborate and specialized. Renaissance rapiers, for example, were known for their intricately designed swept hilts, featuring loops and bars for added protection.
